Types of prostatitis in men

Prostate disease is one of the most common and insidious diseases affecting men over the age of 40.At first, patients may not even realize the problem, but over time the symptoms make themselves felt.If you do not consult a doctor in time, prostatitis becomes chronic and complications may arise.Depending on the severity, cause and nature of the course, different types of prostatitis are distinguished.

Types of prostatitis based on the form of onset:

• spicy;
• chronic;
• latent.

What type of prostatitis occurs due to:

• herpetic;
• bacterial;
• computer;
• stagnant;
• infectious;
• purulent;
• chlamydia;
• fungal;
• gonorrhea;
• fibrous.

Classification

Faced with such an unpleasant disease of the genitourinary system as inflammation of the prostate gland, many men wonder why they got prostatitis.

Understanding the etiology of the disease helps make an accurate diagnosis and promotes effective prevention.

According to the shape of the flow

According to the form of its course, prostatitis is divided into acute, chronic and latent, among which catarrhal, follicular and parenchymal (purulent) are distinguished.

The following forms of the disease are distinguished:

• With catarrhal prostatitis, the male body experiences urination disorders and discomfort in the pubic area.This is the most common type of acute prostatitis.
• Follicular prostatitis is characterized by symptoms such as pain in the groin or anus, increased body temperature and severe urinary problems (dysuria).In a more advanced form, when the patient postpones the visit to the doctor, sharp pain occurs during urination and urinary retention occurs.
• Parenchymal prostatitis: an abscess with purulent contents forms in the body of the prostate gland.In this case, fever occurs, sharp pain appears with a frequent need to urinate.The temperature rises to 39–40 °C, the act of defecation becomes almost impossible.

Acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis is a condition in which inflammation of the prostate gland occurs, which occurs in a short time and is characterized by various symptoms.Swelling of the gland occurs, provoked by the negative effects of pathogenic microflora.Pathogenic bacteria disrupt the integrity of tissues, causing constant discomfort in the pelvic area even at rest.

There are several preferential routes through which the infection can enter the prostate gland:

• for inflammation of the rectum - the lymphogenic route;
• after infectious diseases - hematogenous;
• directly through the urethra - canalicular.

Excessive accumulation of contents in the prostate gland creates excellent conditions for the proliferation of bacteria, which cause various complications:

• abscess;
• prostatic adenoma;
• prostate cancer;
• loss of power;
• infertility.

The symptoms of prostatitis are so painful that the patient is forced to urgently consult a doctor for help.If this is not done in time, prostatitis will become chronic and is much more difficult to cure.Antibacterial therapy in combination with drugs that strengthen the immune system effectively fights the disease.

Chronic prostatitis

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis are usually detected against the background of congestion of the prostate gland, resulting from an acute untreated disease.It usually occurs in men over the age of 50 who have not sought help and have not self-medicated.Many of them had complications due to concomitant diseases.Furthermore, at this age, not everyone is sufficiently sexually active, so the secretion thickens and stagnates in the prostate, which leads to dysfunction.Interrupted sexual intercourse also causes fluid stagnation.According to modern research, about 40% of people who experience symptoms of chronic prostatitis have erection problems.

Chronic prostatitis, as a rule, has mild symptoms that appear only during a flare-up.Patients report a dull pain in the groin area, which intensifies after exercise and at the end of the day.Often the pain radiates to the lower back, scrotum and perineum.Frequent urination is noted, especially at night, the flow is intermittent and crooked.

Sexual intercourse becomes less prolonged, incomplete erection is noted, and sometimes pain appears in the head of the penis.Infertility is usually found in people with chronic prostatitis;impotence practically does not occur at this stage of the disease.Sometimes there is a change in the color of the genital organs;due to improper blood circulation, they become purple.

Each of the symptoms of prostatitis intensifies if left untreated.The condition is similar to manifestations during the acute course of the disease.Weakened immunity, stress, negligence in diet, bad habits - all this leads to exacerbation and worsening of the condition.

Often the chronic form leads to the appearance of symptoms of diseases such as cystitis, kidney disease and adenoma.Increases the risk of urolithiasis and the formation of a malignant tumor.Often the pathological process is practically asymptomatic and is discovered completely randomly during laboratory tests associated with another disease.

Due to the event

There are many reasons provoking the development of prostatitis of infectious and non-infectious etiology, as well as predisposing factors.Due to their occurrence, the following types of prostatitis are distinguished:

• bacterial;
• computer;
• stagnant;
• infectious;
• purulent.

Sedentary lifestyle, frequent hypothermia, rare sexual activity, interrupted sexual intercourse, smoking, alcohol abuse, stressful situations - all these circumstances affect the stagnation of secretions in the vessels of the prostate and in the vessels located next to it.Prostatitis is classified into different forms depending on the reasons for its onset.

Bacterial prostatitis

Bacterial prostatitis is caused by bacteria that enter the prostate gland in various ways.It can be a type of bacteria or a group of them.The disease can be caused by:

• mushrooms;
• gonococci;
• Koch stick;
• chlamydia;
• different types of bacteria at the same time.

The inflammatory process is often associated with the penetration of bacteria into the prostate gland caused by sexually transmitted diseases.Chaotic sex with frequent partner changes and without the use of protection leads to diseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia and fungal infections.In addition, the development of pathology is facilitated by a decrease in immunity due to disruption of work and rest.Even bad habits such as smoking, drinking alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, etc.reduce immunity.

The most obvious symptoms that accompany bacterial prostatitis include burning, pain and cloudy discharge during urination.The smell of urine is unpleasant.General symptoms accompanying intoxication are observed: dizziness, weakness, nausea, fever.There is pain during ejaculation and sometimes blood is present.With chronic bacterial prostatitis, urination becomes more frequent, and yellowish or greenish discharge appears from the genitals.

Chalcolithic prostatitis

With calculous prostatitis, stones form in the ducts of the prostate gland.This form of the disease is very complex and is accompanied by severe pain.The conglomerates are of various origins: phosphates, oxalates, with a predominance of calcium and proteins.

There are two reasons for the formation of stones in the ducts: stagnation of the contents of the gland and reflux of urine into the prostate.

Stagnation is associated with various factors that interfere with the normal outflow of secreted fluid.Long-term sexual abstinence, hyperplasia, the presence of a tumor closing the ducts and a sedentary lifestyle lead to stagnation of secretions and disruption of the vascular and lymphatic systems.

Urinary reflux is caused by a malfunction of the sphincter, which relaxes and urine flows in and out.The presence of stones and sand in the bladder contributes to the development of stones in the prostatic ducts.They are carried there with the urine, settle and continue to grow, eventually narrowing the outlet.Sphincter dysfunction can result from genital injury and surgery.

Initially, the calculous form of prostatitis is asymptomatic;as the stones grow, the symptoms appear and increase.There is pain in the lower abdomen or scrotum, radiating to the buttocks and lower back.Pain at rest is not observed and occurs only during physical activity, defecation and urination, as well as during sexual intercourse and when walking.

Large stones with sharp edges injure the canal during their movement, which leads not only to pain, but also to the release of blood into the urine and ejaculate.The wounds caused by the stones can easily become infected and therefore the stone prostatitis will become infectious.

After about a month, with chalcolithic prostatitis, the functioning of the entire body is disrupted, the person feels unwell, experiences insomnia, increased fatigue and irritability.

In the advanced stages of the calculous form of prostatitis, after a comprehensive diagnostic examination, drugs are prescribed and surgical treatment is performed to remove the conglomerates.

Congestive prostatitis

The stagnant type of prostatitis occurs due to retention of secretions in the prostate gland.Most often, such problems are observed in men with sedentary work who do not play sports.Due to physical inactivity, blood circulation in the pelvic organs is impaired, the prostate suffers from a lack of oxygen and nutrients, stagnation and inflammation occur.If nothing is done, the disease becomes chronic and causes great discomfort.

Congestive prostatitis is caused by an irregular sexual life or its complete absence.In this case, men must free the gland from the secretion themselves, but without overdoing it, since regular masturbation can cause damage due to incomplete ejaculation.Many spouses have found a method to prevent pregnancy on their own, such as stopping sexual intercourse.This also leads to incomplete ejaculation and the development of inflammation.

Sometimes the provoking factor is hypothermia or varicose veins.Abnormalities in the structure of the prostate gland can also cause stagnation.Regular overheating of the pelvic area and constant constipation negatively affect the production of secretions.Depending on the factors that cause the disease, there are different types of congestive prostatitis.

• Venous prostatitis.It occurs in people who suffer from varicose veins of the lower extremities.This disease affects all organs of the pelvis due to improper blood circulation.
• Congestive.It develops with partial emptying of the prostate gland.Gradual overflow leads to stagnation.
• Chronic.It develops when an incorrect lifestyle has become a habit.If nothing is done to change the situation, the disease becomes chronic.It occurs more often in single men who suffer from obesity already in adulthood, when the anamnesis is complicated by concomitant diseases.At this stage, the prostate often increases in size, which is easy to determine on examination.
• Infectious.It joins an existing inflammation of the prostate when an infection enters the genitourinary system.

The symptoms of prostatitis that appear are caused by difficulty urinating, pain in the groin, tension during bowel movements and weakening of sexual activity.As a result of these symptoms, with types of congestive prostatitis, poor health, irritability, decreased performance and sleep disturbance develops.

Infectious prostatitis

Microorganisms that can cause the appearance of signs of acute prostatitis include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Eltirococcus, Klebsiella.There are bacteria that are constantly in the body, but in a dormant state they do not lead to inflammatory processes.When it penetrates through the urethra into the mucosa of the prostate gland, the process of development and reproduction of microorganisms begins, which causes inflammation.Indiscriminate and unprotected sex also allows harmful bacteria to enter the body.

Characteristic symptoms are pain in the scrotum, perineum, lower abdomen, lower back, pain and burning in the pelvis.Difficulty urinating, acute urinary retention occurs.In addition to the listed symptoms accompanying the infectious type of prostatitis, constipation, discharge from the urethra, hemospermia and pain during ejaculation may occur.

This is a dangerous disease that, even in the early stages, can provoke infection of a sexual partner, lead to general blood poisoning or the development of pyelonephritis and cystitis.

Purulent prostatitis

Purulent prostatitis usually develops when a bacterial infection enters the prostate.The disease occurs in four stages.

• Catarrhal.It develops after suffering from acute respiratory viral infection, sore throat or flu.There is purulent contents in the urine.There is a burning sensation when the bladder is empty.Patients note a weakening of potency.The process that accompanies this type of prostatitis involves the superficial tissues of the prostate.
• Focal.The process extends to the glandular tissue.The ducts swell, the outflow is interrupted.The gland increases in size due to the accumulation of pus inside it, which is released into the urine.Body temperature rises.
• Parenchymatous.The connective tissue becomes involved in the process, the swelling becomes even greater and the temperature can reach 40 °C.The excruciating pain in the anus does not give rest and a false urge to defecate is felt.
• Abscess.The most insidious form of prostatitis.The temperature drops heavily, there is abundant presence of pus and unbearable pain.This stage can be complicated by peritonitis and can be fatal.

Purulent prostatitis can be complicated by symptoms and diseases such as paraproctitis, paracystitis, abscess and sepsis.Typically, these pathologies are treated surgically and involve the removal of purulent bags.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of types of prostatitis is not particularly difficult and begins with collecting anamnesis, which helps to more accurately understand the picture of the disease.Then a rectal examination is performed, during which the size of the gland is determined, the nature of the pain is determined, and the presence of swelling and hardening is detected.

To make a correct diagnosis, laboratory tests are prescribed:

• urine tests;
• urine culture with AB sensitivity test;
• general blood test;
• analysis of prostate secretion;
• biochemical blood test;
• rectal exam.

Further diagnoses include instrumental research methods.First, an ultrasound is performed;if necessary, MRI and TRUS are also prescribed.Relatively recently, a new PET examination method has appeared;is considered the most informative.

Treatment of inflammation

Urologists treat all types of prostatitis.Traditional methods are good, but only with a medical prescription and with the permission of the attending physician.

First it is necessary to find out the cause that caused the disease and only then can symptomatic treatment be carried out.

• Active antibacterial therapy helps treat prostatitis.Parenteral administration of antibiotics is the most effective.
• For severe pain, painkillers and diuretics are indicated.
• For constipation, laxatives are prescribed.
• In case of severe pain and difficulty urinating, novocaine blocks are applied.
• A course of vitamin therapy and immunocorrectors is indicated.
• It is worth adhering to a special diet that excludes spicy, salty and smoked foods.
• Bed rest is prescribed.

Local procedures include sitz baths with water two degrees higher than body temperature.Enemas are made with a decoction of anti-inflammatory herbs with the addition of 1% anesthetic, while the contents are slowly introduced into the intestine and left there as long as the patient can resist.

Physiotherapy treatment also has a beneficial effect on restoring prostate function.Prostate massage is prohibited in cases of acute prostatitis, but is recommended in cases of chronic prostatitis.To restore metabolism, normal blood circulation and relieve swelling, UHF and microwave are prescribed.

If urination is delayed for a long time, a catheter is installed.In some stages of the disease, surgical treatment is indicated to open the purulent pockets and install drainage.

Treatment of acute prostatitis takes several weeks to a month.A favorable outcome is usually observed.If the disease has become complicated or has reached a chronic stage, the process will be complex, long and may take several months.

During treatment, limitation of sexual activity and the use of personal protective equipment are indicated.

A physiotherapy medical device helps treat prostatitis.Effectively eliminates the symptoms of prostatitis, is able to restore reduced sexual activity, eliminates pain, relieves swelling and inflammation.The device can be used at home for both treatment and prevention of diseases of the pelvic organs.

The device will relieve muscle tension, improve sperm production, strengthen blood vessels and prevent the development of other possible diseases in the pelvis.The device, used for the treatment of prostatitis in men, is easy to use, equipped with a regulator for heating and vibration modes and works on mains power.The compact dimensions allow the use of the device in any conditions.

How to prevent the development of the disease?

Prevention of various types of prostatitis, like any other disease, consists of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding bad habits and following a balanced diet.If you have been diagnosed with prostatitis, you should not neglect exercise.If a focus of inflammation occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor to eliminate the cause and prevent the infection from spreading to other organs.

You should lead a decent lifestyle and have regular sex with a regular partner.It is important not to forget about personal hygiene of the genital organs and not to neglect regular preventive examinations by a urologist.If a man knows what prostatitis can be and at the same time leads a passive lifestyle, he must do exercises that prevent the appearance of congestion in the pelvis.

Let's summarize

Depending on the causes and characteristics of the course, acute and chronic types of prostatitis are diagnosed.A separate group includes chronic pelvic pain syndrome.Acute prostatitis is characterized by clinical manifestations such as chills, fever and pain.The chronic form may not manifest itself in any way or have a vague picture: disturbed urination, aching pain in the pelvic area, which, with the development of complications, can lead to impotence and loss of fertility.

Acute prostatitis develops suddenly and is easily diagnosed.In contrast, chronic prostatitis occurs in waves, alternating periods of remission and exacerbation.In chronic cases, the identification of pathogenic microbes can cause some difficulties.Foci of infection occurring in the genitourinary system cause complications in the form of diseases of organs anatomically adjacent to the prostate gland.Depending on the type of prostatitis diagnosed, the urologist prescribes a differentiated treatment regimen.